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In the period from 1610 to 1632, English navigators explored Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay. This map shows the routes of seven explorers: Hudson (1610 to 1611), Button (1612 to 1613), Bylot (1615 to 1616), Baffin (1615 to 1616), Munk (1619 to 1620), Fox (1631), and James (1631 to 1632). The map...

Champlain's resource surveys of the Atlantic Coast and Saint Lawrence River between 1603 and1607 were the first exploration in this area since Cartier and Bellenger. This map shows five of Champlain's exploration routes. The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans in the period...

The third phase of exploration in what is now Canada consisted of the initial penetration of the St. Lawrence valley. This was initiated by Jacques Cartier in two voyages - 1534 and 1535 to 1536. Bellenger (1583) made a later voyage of exploration extending Cartier's knowledge. The map also shows...

The fourth phase of exploration in what is now Canada consisted of Frobisher's three voyages (1576, 1577 and 1578) and the two voyages of Davis (1586 and 1587) made in search of a northwest passage to Asia. These voyages represented the initial penetration of the Arctic. The map also shows the...

The second phase of exploration of what is now Canada lasted from 1519 to 1533. During that period, explorers charted the Atlantic Coast in search of a western passage to Asia. This map shows the routes of four explorers: Fagundes (1519 to 1526), Verrazzano (1524), Gomes (1525) and Rut (1527)....

In 1741, along the Pacific coast, the first Russian probes reached the Aleutian Islands and the Alaskan mainland. These were the expeditions of Bering (1741) and Chirikov (1741). The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans and the navigation of all exploration routes in the...

To the south of what is now Canada, French military expeditions explored and mapped the Ohio River valley in the period 1739 to 1749. These expeditions were led by Le Moyne and Céleron (1739) and Céleron and Bonnécamps (1749). The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans and the...

Exploration in the period 1671 to 1686 was dominated by the return of the intendant, Jean Talon, to New France. In order to keep out the English and promote the fur trade to Montréal, he encouraged a series of expeditions, including exploration of the rivers flowing into James Bay. This map shows...

Exploration in the period 1673 to 1688 was dominated by the return of the intendant, Jean Talon, to New France. In order to keep out the English and promote the fur trade to Montréal, he encouraged a series of expeditions. The routes of nine expeditions are shown on this map: Louis Jolliet and...

The period 1691 to 1729 was a time of relative inactivity for exploration in areas of concern to New France and England. The main journeys were out of Louisiana to explore the Mississippi and its tributaries, and, much further north, there were some forays into Hudson Bay conducted or ordered by...