Canadian Heritage

First Official Language Spoken (FOLS) is a linguistic concept derived from three census questions on language (knowledge of official languages, mother tongue and home language). Multiple responses are distributed equally among declared languages by different levels of geographies.

Mother Tongue (MT) refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood at the time of the census. Multiple responses are distributed equally among declared languages, by different levels of geographies.

English-French bilingualism includes those who can carry on a conversation in both English and French, by different levels of geographies.