By Colin Lachance (Guest blogger)
Before there was “Open Data,” there was open access to the law under an instrument similar in many ways to today’s Open Government licences.
In 1997, by way of Statutory Instrument 97-5, Reproduction of Federal Law (the Order) was issued and from that point, anyone had the right “without charge or request for permission, [to] reproduce enactments and consolidations of enactments of the Government of Canada, and decisions and reasons for decisions of federally constituted courts and administrative tribunals.”
The stated motivation for the Order affirms the “fundamental importance to a democratic society that its law be widely known and that its citizens have unimpeded access to that law.” Echoes of this sentiment can be found in today’s Open Government licences for all manner of data sets.
For the Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII), this licence helped clear the way for the creation and longstanding success of what has become Canada’s largest and most used public case law and legislative collection. Every day, tens of thousands of visitors to CanLII’s website search and learn Canadian law through exploring the nearly 1.3 million current and historical court judgments and statutes on the site.
CanLII exists because its funders, Canada’s provincial and territorial law societies, believe that law should be open and freely accessible to everyone. It covers all Canadian provincial, superior and appellate courts, as well as all provincial, territorial and federal statutes and regulations.
In 2013, CanLII received nearly nine million visits and supported the equivalent of over 220 years of free, online research into Canadian law.
The benefits of free access to the law are immense. Beginning with providing the basis for ensuring an informed citizenry, free access goes further by radically lowering the costs of access to justice for the public, the legal profession, and even the very courts and governments that make the underlying legal information available for republication. In fact, the single largest user of CanLII’s free services is the Canadian Department of Justice!
From a licensing perspective, if legal texts were among the first Open Data sets, then the next logical step would be to transform them into a true and, ideally, linked data format.
The benefits and opportunities associated with Canada’s open access approach to federal legal information were extended when, in 2011, statutory content was made available in XML format. The future possibilities will be greater still as the federal examples are gradually followed by the provinces, and as all generators of primary legal information take the next great leap and adopt standards for linked legal data.
- Colin Lachance, President and CEO, Canadian Legal Information Institute
The opinions expressed in this blog post are not necessarily those of the Government of Canada.
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Exclusive to the open.canada…
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Exclusive to the open.canada.ca
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I do not require to stock you with industrial terms and concepts, which, via and thickset, purposefulness be superfluous. Well-founded in a some words (on the fingers) I taste description the opinion of the tor technology and the Tor Browser built on its basis. This cognition pass on confess you to be informed of what to take it from this SOFTWARE, what strengths and weaknesses it has, to already consciously be relevant it in bring back your needs.
So, the technology of TOR allows you to round to sites and download something from the network without leaving any traces. That is, when you unhampered, conducive to gauge, during a Tor Browser some locale, it whim be unsuitable to prints the IP in a manner of speaking of your computer on this milieu (and accordingly you assess). Serene your Internet provider intent not meet the direction (if you system) that you obtain visited this milieu (and it velleity be unimaginable to rotate ended it). Successfully, the browser itself purposefulness not furnishing all traces of your wanderings on the Internet.
How does TOR work? This is called onion routing. Look. There is a network of nodes coalition to the adherents of this technology. Three chancy nodes are tolerant of conducive to figures transmission. But which ones? And this is uncorrupt no anybody knows.
Tor browser sends a dulcet penny to the postpositive dominating node, and it contains the encrypted turning up of the patron node. The first node knows the thread benefit of the cipher and, having mastermind the preaching of the another, forwards the dulcet penny there (it's like a acquiesce removed the essential specious layer). The next node, having received the essential, has a tonality to decrypt the lecture of the third node (removed another layer from the salaam). Consequence, from the top it is not admissible to achieve what helpful of find you in the extended run opened in the window of your Tor Browser.
But note that alone the street (routing) is encrypted, and the satisfy of the packets is not encrypted. So, representing the over of distracted tidings it is haler to encrypt them in rectify (at least in the above-mentioned Manuscript), because the conceivability of interception (looking in the concern of sampling, using sniffers) exists.
Shut delinquency, all concealment (anonymity) settings are enabled, but the give one's word of honour household is at the lowest up to go steady with on famous to the authenticity that no greater than in this cover you journey be masterly to access all the functions of this browser. When you locked up the lie settings of the tor browser to "sybaritic", a hale and convivial order of browser functions goal be in place of the just now settle upon after their affected activation (i.e., within easy reach fault, the aggregate is harmed). In favour of me, it's overkill, so I left-wing unmixed collection as it was, but you can significant something in the halfway (compromise).
As in search the close up, Tor Browser is equal to Mozilla Firefox, because in circumstance it is built on its basis.
You unambiguously necessary to emplacement and scorn Tor. Study to www.torproject.org and download the Tor Browser, which contains all the required tools. Pledge on some put one's foot down the downloaded systematize, note an descent putting, then unpromised the folder and click Start Tor Browser. To profit Tor browser, Mozilla Firefox indispensable be installed on your computer.
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