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In 1741, along the Pacific coast, the first Russian probes reached the Aleutian Islands and the Alaskan mainland. These were the expeditions of Bering (1741) and Chirikov (1741). The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans and the navigation of all exploration routes in the...

To the south of what is now Canada, French military expeditions explored and mapped the Ohio River valley in the period 1739 to 1749. These expeditions were led by Le Moyne and Céleron (1739) and Céleron and Bonnécamps (1749). The map also shows the extent of territory known to Europeans and the...

Exploration in the period 1671 to 1686 was dominated by the return of the intendant, Jean Talon, to New France. In order to keep out the English and promote the fur trade to Montréal, he encouraged a series of expeditions, including exploration of the rivers flowing into James Bay. This map shows...

Exploration in the period 1673 to 1688 was dominated by the return of the intendant, Jean Talon, to New France. In order to keep out the English and promote the fur trade to Montréal, he encouraged a series of expeditions. The routes of nine expeditions are shown on this map: Louis Jolliet and...

The period 1691 to 1729 was a time of relative inactivity for exploration in areas of concern to New France and England. The main journeys were out of Louisiana to explore the Mississippi and its tributaries, and, much further north, there were some forays into Hudson Bay conducted or ordered by...

Exploration in the period 1668 to 1689 was initiated by the re-emergence of the English in James Bay. This map shows the routes of seven expeditions into inadequately known areas of Hudson Bay and James Bay: Gillam and Des Groseilliers (1668 to 1669), Bayly and Radisson (1670 and 1671), Bayly...

Between 1651 and 1664, except for a few trader's agents, missionaries were the principal explorers in the lower reaches of some of the major rivers flowing from the north into the St. Lawrence. This map shows the routes of four expeditions: Buteux and Godefroy (1651); Dablon and Druillettes...

In the period 1742 to 1749, the British renewed their search for a northwest passage. Part of this involved exploring the « East Main » – the eastern shore of Hudson and James Bays. Four exploration routes are shown: Middleton (1742), Mitchell and Longland (1744), Moor and Smith (1747) and Coats...

In the period between 1654 and 1670, missionaries were the principal explorers in the Great Lakes area. This map shows expeditions covering all parts of the Great Lakes except for southern Lake Michigan. The six expeditions shown are: Des Groseilliers (1654 to 1656), Des Groseilliers and Radisson...

Between 1654 and 1656, except for a few trader's agents, missionaries were the principal explorers in the Iroquois country (an area covering much of present-day southern Ontario). The map shows three explorer routes: Le Moyne (1654), Chaumonot and Ménard (1656) and Chaumonot (1656). The map also...