Sensitivity of freshwater mussel species to various pesticides detected in Ontario, Canada

Sensitivity of freshwater mussel species to various pesticides detected in Ontario, Canada Freshwater mussels contribute important ecological functions to aquatic systems. The water filtered by mussel assemblages can improve water quality, and the mixing of sediments by burrowing mussels can improve oxygen content and release nutrients. However, nearly 70 percent of North American freshwater mussel species are listed as either endangered, threatened, or in decline. In Ontario, 28 species are in decline or in need of protection. Even though freshwater mussels have a heightened sensitivity to some contaminants, few studies have investigated the risks that various pesticide classes pose to one freshwater mussel species or among life stages. Lampsilis siliquoidea and Villosa iris were the focus of the present study, with the latter currently listed as of "special concern" in Canada. A potential risk to the recovery of freshwater mussel species is the presence and persistence of pesticides in Ontario surface waters. Acute (48 hour) toxicity tests were performed with V. iris glochidia to determine the effect on viability (surrogate for survival) following exposure to 4 fungicides (azoxystrobin, boscalid, metalaxyl, and myclobutanil), 3 neonicotinoids (clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam), 2 carbamates (carbaryl and malathion), 1 organophosphate (chlorpyrifos), and 1 butenolide (flupyradifurone). Juvenile and adult L. siliquoidea were also exposed to azoxystrobin, clothianidin, imidacloprid (juvenile only), and carbaryl (adult only). 2021-07-29 Environment and Climate Change Canada open-ouvert@tbs-sct.gc.ca Nature and Environmentfreshwater musselsglochideaLampsilis siliquoideaVillosa irisspecies at riskpesticidesneonicotinoidscontaminantsviabilitymortalityexposuretoxicityPesticides ECCC_MusselMortality_Pesticide Exp EN FR.csvCSV https://data-donnees.ec.gc.ca/data/substances/monitor/sensitivity-of-freshwater-mussel-species-to-various-pesticides-detected-in-ontario-canada/ECCC_MusselMortality_PesticideExp_EN_FR.csv ECCC_MusselViability_Pesticide Exp EN FR.csvCSV https://data-donnees.ec.gc.ca/data/substances/monitor/sensitivity-of-freshwater-mussel-species-to-various-pesticides-detected-in-ontario-canada/ECCC_MusselViability_PesticideExp_EN_FR.csv Scientific Publication - Sensitivity of multiple life stages of 2 freshwater mussel species (Unionidae) to various pesticides detected in Ontario (Canada) surface watersHTML https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4248

Freshwater mussels contribute important ecological functions to aquatic systems. The water filtered by mussel assemblages can improve water quality, and the mixing of sediments by burrowing mussels can improve oxygen content and release nutrients. However, nearly 70 percent of North American freshwater mussel species are listed as either endangered, threatened, or in decline. In Ontario, 28 species are in decline or in need of protection. Even though freshwater mussels have a heightened sensitivity to some contaminants, few studies have investigated the risks that various pesticide classes pose to one freshwater mussel species or among life stages. Lampsilis siliquoidea and Villosa iris were the focus of the present study, with the latter currently listed as of "special concern" in Canada. A potential risk to the recovery of freshwater mussel species is the presence and persistence of pesticides in Ontario surface waters. Acute (48 hour) toxicity tests were performed with V. iris glochidia to determine the effect on viability (surrogate for survival) following exposure to 4 fungicides (azoxystrobin, boscalid, metalaxyl, and myclobutanil), 3 neonicotinoids (clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam), 2 carbamates (carbaryl and malathion), 1 organophosphate (chlorpyrifos), and 1 butenolide (flupyradifurone). Juvenile and adult L. siliquoidea were also exposed to azoxystrobin, clothianidin, imidacloprid (juvenile only), and carbaryl (adult only).

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